Which suffix denotes abnormal condition used in terms describing stone formation?

• A. -iasis
• B. -osis
• C. -itis
• D. -gram

Answer: (A)

Stone-related conditions use the suffix that turns a root about stones into the name of an abnormal state. The root lith- means stone, and adding -iasis creates lithiasis, which denotes an abnormal condition of stone formation. This is the standard term used for stones forming in various organs, such as nephrolithiasis (kidney stones) or cholelithiasis (gallstones).

The other suffixes don’t fit this meaning: -itis = inflammation, -osis = a general disease or degenerative process, and -gram = a recording or image.